OTHERS_CITABLE No Abstract. http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-23-en.pdf 2017-11-15 1 2 Nastaran Keshavarz Moahmmadi 1 School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: Marital satisfaction refers to the positive self-assessment of individuals about their marital relations and marriage quality. Also, it is the most crucial issue in marital life and can either lead to stability or failure of the relationship. This study, therefore, was designed to determine marital satisfaction rate and factors effecting women referring to health care centers in suburbs of Yazd. Methods: This is a cross-sectional research with a sample of 246 women who visited health care centers in suburb of Yazd. Data collection instrument used in this study was the standard questionnaire of Marital Satisfaction Index (IMS). Questionnaire was completed as a self-report, after data collection, information were analyzed using SPSS18 software and Chi-Square test. Results: Frequency distribution of marital satisfaction rate showed that 59.8% and 40.2% of women were respectively unsatisfied and satisfied. Chi-Square test conducted to determine marital satisfaction rate in terms of demographic variables, showed no significant results in terms of age, marriage duration, number of children, education level of women and their husbands, as well as employment status of women (P-value > 0/05). However, significant differences were observed in terms of husband employment (P-value = 0/023) and economical status (P-value = 0/025).    Conclusion: Considering significant association of economic status and husband employment with marital satisfaction of participants, appropriate planning in this regard and providing grounds for employment of these women's husbands is crucial.  http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-21-en.pdf 2017-05-22 3 8 Marital Satisfaction Women Suburb Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad 1 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Zohreh Karimian Kakolaki 2 Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Sakineh Gerayllo 3 Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Hosein Fallahzadeh 4 Department of Biostatistics, Research Center of Prevention & Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Farahnaz Khabiri 5 Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: Diabetes is a chronic progressive disorder that imposes negative effects on various aspects of an individual's life. This study was conducted to compare the effect of video instructions in comparison with traditional training on glucose control in type 2 diabetic patients of Hamadan. Methods: In this experimental study, 120 patients with type 2 diabetes who referred to diabetes center of Hamadan were divided into two groups: intervention and control. Data collection tool was a questionnaire based on health belief model completed by interviewing before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention. In addition, the serum levels of HbA1c were measured before and three months after the study. Intervention was conducted on three groups of 20 participants using video playback as well as question and answer sessions. Data were analyzed by SPSS21 using Friedman, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: This study revealed a significant difference in the median of knowledge, perceived threat, perceived benefits, and barriers in the intervention group immediately and three months after the intervention. HbA1c levels decreased after the intervention but this change was not significant. Three months after the intervention, in the intervention group both physicians and video were the most effective cues to action. Conclusion: Instructional videos for diabetes education can have a positive impact on healthy lifestyle in Patients with type 2 diabetes. It was concluded that decrease in HbA1c level needs longer intervention period; more than three months. http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-24-en.pdf 2017-05-22 9 17 Health Belief Model Instructional Video Type 2 Diabetes Self-Efficacy Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Hazavehei 1 Department of Public Health & Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR Masomeh Rostami Moez 2 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR Fereshteh Besharati 3 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR Shohreh Emdadi 4 Department of Public Health & Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR Mehdi Khezeli 5 Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR Maryam Farhadian 6 Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Modeling of Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: The mental health of female prisoners as a high-risk group is very important. Evaluating their health needs has been neglected in most societies. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the relation between the type of crime committed and the mental health status of the female prisoners in Urmia province, Iran. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 150 female prisoners in 2016. The standard questionnaire of general health with 28 questions and also a questionnaire including demographic information, the type of crime, and the conviction period were used in order to evaluate the mental health status. The collected information was analysed through SPSS16 and by using chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and one-way ANOVA. Results: The results showed that 74% of the female prisoners were suspected to have mental disorder and the least of it was depression with 20.4 per cent being affected by it and the most severe mental disorder pertaining to social function with 78% being affected. Also, the prisoner who had committed murder or had been accomplices for murder, and those sentenced to death had the worst mental health. The statistical relation between mental health and the type of crime and the length of the sentence was significant and the odds ratio of mental disorders among women who were sentenced for murder and for being accomplices to murder was 2.4 times that of women who were convicted for crimes related to drugs. Conclusion: Considering the poor mental health of female prisoners and its relationship with the severity of the crime and the conviction period, it is necessary to make policies to promote mental health in prisoners in order to promote the other aspects of prisoners’ health and also to prevent the recurrence of crime after the discharge from prison.  http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-25-en.pdf 2017-05-22 18 26 Mental Health Female Prisoners Type of Crime Morad Ali Zareipour 1 Health center of Urmia, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. AUTHOR Mohammad Hassan Javadi 2 School of Humanities, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. AUTHOR Noshin Narmayoun 3 Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran. AUTHOR Mousa Ghelichi Ghojogh 4 Health center of Urmia, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: Drug addiction is a social problem, which, until recently, was considered specifically for men; however, drug addiction also affects women. The aim of this study was to identify the backgrounds for addiction in women and how they deal with it. Methods: This research was conducted using qualitative research through interviews. For this purpose, 51 addicted women, from two rehabilitation centers in Yazd, were selected through purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews, and the resultant observations were used for data collection. Data from the interviews were analysed using coding theory. Results: In the open coding Step 53, concepts were collected that were combined in the form of five major issues. Results show that the family condition is the most important factor that results in addiction among women. Friendly interactions and weaknesses in life skills are the conditions that lead to drug use among women. Breaking down of social relationships and job deviations are the consequences of addiction in women. Conclusion: woman drug use mostly affected by intimate relationships in family and friends. Social care systems should be developed for families with drug use persons to preventing family member’s involvement healthy lifestyle in Patients with type 2 diabetes. It was concluded that decrease in HbA1c level needs longer intervention period; more than three months. http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-26-en.pdf 2017-05-22 27 35 Addiction Women Family Qualitative Drugs Hossein Afrasiabi 1 School of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Nasrin Farhani 2 School of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: Spiritual experiences seem to be an important component in Religious and spiritual life of some one. Aim of the present study was to determinate relation between daily spiritual experiences, and psychological variables in students of Qom University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, 138 students of the Qom University of Medical Sciences were selected via random sampling methods. These students completed the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Data were analyzed in SPSS16 software environment utilizing descriptive statistics and the Independent t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Mean and standard deviations of daily spiritual experiences scores was 28.27(4.90).  The daily spiritual experiences was associated with mental health (r = -0.22, P-value = 0.01) depression(r = -0.25, P-value = 0.005), and stress (r = -0.23, P-value = 0.01). Conclusion: The findings indicated that spiritual experiences were respectively the most important religious - spiritual components which may affect psychological health in students. http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.pdf 2017-05-22 36 41 Spiritual Experiences Depression Anxiety Stress Psychological Health Students Zahra Taheri Kharameh 1 Department of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR Vahid Khosravi 2 Department of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AUTHOR Tahereh Ramezani 3 Department of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. AUTHOR Alireza Alinoori 4 Department of Theology, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qum, Iran AUTHOR Khansanami Shabanali 5 Department of Theology, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. AUTHOR Fatemeh Sharififard 6 School of Paramedical Sciences, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: Murder is a violent social behavior, which stems from various reasons. The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the reasons for murder from the perspective of killers. Methods: The present research is a qualitative study which involves 23 male killers sampled purposefully from Adel Abad prison in Shiraz. After conducting a semi-structured interview, data was analysed through qualitative content analysis. Results: The results showed that three reasons including Honor (fear of prolongation of trial, recognition of the legitimacy of murder), unintentional (mental stress, consumption of alcohol and psychotropic substances, availability of weapons), and subcultural values (considering crime to be a normal event) are the major reasons for emergence of murder among these people. Results of the research indicate that murder occurs based on interpretive structures of actors; which form their values and behaviors and potentially can lead to murder. Conclusion: In order to decline violent behavior especially murder; policies of the judicial system in the country should ensure security for citizens. This security can be achieved through non-prolonged trials, timeliness of law especially in matters of Honor, banning weapons in civil society and ultimately reducing the influence of anti-social and subcultural values in various social contexts. http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.pdf 2017-05-22 42 48 Violent Behavior Murder Qualitative Method Interpretive Sociology Ahmad Kalateh Sadati 1 Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Kurosh Zare 2 Department of Law, Islamic Azad University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran. AUTHOR Fatemeh Teymuri 3 Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Seyyed Taghi Heydari 4 Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. AUTHOR Hossein Afrasiabi 5 Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: Smoking is one of the leading causes of disease and death in the world. There is a growing trend of smoking in Iran, especially among youth and women. This study has been conducted to identify the factors related to smoking and solutions that can lead to its control in Tehran. Methods: This study was conducted qualitatively from August 2015 to August 2016 in Tehran. The data collection tool included cognitive interviews and deep, semi-structured interviews. The participants consisted of 7 men and 5 women who smoked cigarettes; they were selected through purposive sampling with maximum diversity and snowball technique which continued until data saturation. The data was analyzed through qualitative conventional content analysis. Results: Two main classes with 15 subclasses were extracted from the participants’ responses. The causes of smoking and the solutions for its control are evaluated along these two classes. The subclasses include factors like being accustomed to smoking, considering smoking as a normal behavior, easy access to cigarettes, recreation and entertainment; lack of recreational facilities, way of relaxing, increasing the price of cigarettes, the importance of making cigarettes scarce, and cultural and individual volition. Conclusion: Being accustomed to smoking and considering it as an entertainment are the most important causes of smoking, and the importance of creating an anti-smoking culture and individual volition have been introduced as the most important solutions for controlling smoking in Tehran. Furthermore, it seems that reducing the public access to cigarette through various ways such as increasing the price, reducing the imports, the decline in production and supply, as well as creating a culture against smoking can reduce the amount of smoking considerably. http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-29-en.pdf 2017-05-22 49 59 Cigarette Qualitative Study Cause of Consumption Control Solution Vahid Mazidi Sharafabadi 1 School of Sociology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR

ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Background: Smoking is one of the leading causes of disease and death in the world. There is a growing trend of smoking in Iran, especially among youth and women. This study has been conducted to identify the factors related to smoking and solutions that can lead to its control in Tehran. Methods: This study was conducted qualitatively from August 2015 to August 2016 in Tehran. The data collection tool included cognitive interviews and deep, semi-structured interviews. The participants consisted of 7 men and 5 women who smoked cigarettes; they were selected through purposive sampling with maximum diversity and snowball technique which continued until data saturation. The data was analyzed through qualitative conventional content analysis. Results: Two main classes with 15 subclasses were extracted from the participants’ responses. The causes of smoking and the solutions for its control are evaluated along these two classes. The subclasses include factors like being accustomed to smoking, considering smoking as a normal behavior, easy access to cigarettes, recreation and entertainment; lack of recreational facilities, way of relaxing, increasing the price of cigarettes, the importance of making cigarettes scarce, and cultural and individual volition. Conclusion: Being accustomed to smoking and considering it as an entertainment are the most important causes of smoking, and the importance of creating an anti-smoking culture and individual volition have been introduced as the most important solutions for controlling smoking in Tehran. Furthermore, it seems that reducing the public access to cigarette through various ways such as increasing the price, reducing the imports, the decline in production and supply, as well as creating a culture against smoking can reduce the amount of smoking considerably. http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-30-en.pdf 2017-05-22 60 66 Fear Qualitative Content Analysis Personnel Breast Neoplasms Mahsa Khodayarian 1 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad 2 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AUTHOR Minoor Lamyian 3 Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR