@article{ 
author = {Bozorg, Bonnie},  
title = {Be Pouya! (Metaphor for Iranian Clients During Pandemic COVID-19)}, 
abstract ={Dear Editor in Chief The results of several studies in general show that metaphors may play an important role in facilitating the processes of treatment in counseling and psychotherapy (Muran et al., 1990). They also reveal that metaphor therapy is a creative method that uses its imaginative power to achieve the goal easier. Humans talk to each other in different ways about their experiences, feelings and thoughts. One of these methods is to use metaphor (Pritzker, 2003). According to Lakoff, people mostly use metaphors when talking about abstract concepts. In their view, metaphor is not a decorative thing or specific to literature, but flows in the daily thought and action of human beings and shows the structure of individual thought (Lakoff, 1993). In the pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), where social isolation has increased, depressed mood is obvious (Ahmed, 2020). Depression that affects by COVID-19 is an emotional response that is because of emotion dysregulation and negative social behaviors (Leaune, 2020). Social distancing causes loneliness that is related to maladaptive behaviors and poor quality of life (Ali & Green, 2019). In system theory, there is a link between the belief that depressed mood selectively increases the possibility of access to negative concepts and interpretive structures, that is, depressed mood prepares the trigger for these negative structures so that they can be used for interpretation and experiences (Teasdale, 1993). In clinical psychology, interest in metaphor focuses on its role in communication processes and cognitive flexibility in psychotherapy (Tay, 2018). The central identity of creative arts therapies lies in the commitment to create and manipulate metaphor as a mediator in treatment. It is better to challenge with clients to be creator (Zhang, 2020). During online treatment in pandemic period, my clients use many metaphors to better understand the concept and process of it. One of the steps in treatment is sequencing goals. One of my clients named it “Pouya steps” as a metaphor. He imagines a person named ‘Pouya’ play an important role in accompanying him in this way. When I checked the background logic of using this word, I realized due to meaning of ‘Pouya’ in Persian (means active and ongoing) it was used as his imaginary role to stimulate positive emotion for doing his goal. Flexible and active thinking will help the process of changing. After that word called’ Pouya” was one metaphor that usually is used in therapy. Pouya is not imagery role for me. He is actual man and virtual (my husband) that his name is also a metaphor for me when I feel sad, helplessness, hopelessness and frustration. Being like his name and him, active and non-stopping. He plays an important role in behavior activation and coping with misbehavior such as social isolation. In summary, I just give one example but there are so many that could not be rejected. it’s important to be aware of their metaphor and its role in successful treatment. Metaphor helps us to understand something unknown from the perspective of something familiar. The seed of a new idea is created in the mind and helps to flourish the latent ideas. This key topic provides new possibilities for "insight" and therapy. Useful metaphors such as ‘Pouya’ play an important role in facilitating the processes of change in counseling and psychotherapy.},  
Keywords = {Metaphor, Depression, COVID-19},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {583-584}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = { 10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6727},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-153-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-153-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Hosseini, Fariba and Gorgi, Yousef and Javadzadeh, Afsaneh},  
title = {The Effectiveness of Buckroyd’s Group-Based Therapeutic Approach on Increasing Efficiency Life Style and Improving Body Self-Image}, 
abstract ={Background: Group teaching can create empathy in teaching sessions. Therefore the objective of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of team teaching based on Buckroyd’s Method on lifestyle, self-efficacy and body image structure of the women with obesity in the city of Isfahan. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all people with obesity referring to clinics in the city of Isfahan from whom 30 women with obesity were selected through purposive sampling from Sepahan Health clinic in 2014 and then they were put into two groups of fifteen (experimental and control). A therapeutic intervention based on Buckroyd Method was administered on the experimental group during 16 two-hour sessions twice a week. The measurement instruments in this study were BMI scale, demographic information form, life style self-efficacy questionnaire and body image questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measures variance) were used to test the hypotheses using SPSS software (version 23) at 0.05 level of error. Results: The results showed that team teaching based on Buckroyd Method has been effective on the increase of life style self-efficacy (p < 0.001) and the improvement of body image (p < 0.001) as the mean score of life style self-efficacy and body image structure have increased after team teaching at the post-test stage and it could maintain this increase in time (follow-up stage). Conclusion: Buckroyd Method can be employed in the increase of life style self-efficacy and body image structure in the obese women.},  
Keywords = {Buckroyd Method, Self-Efficacy, life Style, Body Image, Obesity},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {585-595}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6728},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-116-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-116-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {FasorantiJoseph, Afolabi},  
title = {Assessment of Knowledge on the Mode of Transmissions and Preventions of Hepatitis-B Among Undergraduate Students in Nigeria}, 
abstract ={Background: Hepatitis B, which is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a global health problem that has resulted in high morbidity and mortality with knowledge and awareness about the occurrence and mode of transmissions relatively low among the populace. Therefore, this study examined knowledge on the mode of transmission and preventions of hepatitis B among undergraduate students in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive research was used, and a multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select three hundred respondents which comprised male and female from three tertiary institutions in Lagos state in 2019. Hepatitis B Knowledge Questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.74 was used for data collection. The descriptive statistics of frequency count and percentages was used to analyse the demographic characteristics of respondents while the chi-square test was used to determine associations between categorical variables. Results: The results revealed that a high proportion of the respondents had poor knowledge about the transmission and prevention of hepatitis B. The result revealed that the p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically insignificant. Therefore, the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between gender and hepatitis B. Conclusion: A critical level of public awareness and vaccination coverage, particularly among students, is essential to decrease Lagos' burden.  },  
Keywords = {Undergraduate Students, Hepatitis B, Knowledge, Prevention, Transmission},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {596-601}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6729},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-150-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-150-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Abdolkarimi, Mahdi and AyenehHeydari, Fatemeh and Lotfi, Seyedeh Shirin and Eslami, Hadi},  
title = {Social Support for Exercise and Its Effect on Physical Activity Level among Female Teachers}, 
abstract ={Background: Determining the level of physical activity and factors in female teachers can be effective in planning health promotion interventions. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the level of physical activity and social factors affecting female teachers in Rafsanjan. Methods: in this descriptive study, the level of physical activity and the social factors were examined in 198 female high school teachers in Rafsanjan City in 2019. The International Short Form Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine physical activity levels. Sallis's social support questionnaire for exercise was used to determine the level of social support. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and chi-square and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: The level of physical activity in female teachers was lower than the recommended level so that only 34.3% had the minimum physical activity at the recommended level. In terms of intensity of physical activity, most physical activities were reported as walking. The physical activity of this group was not statistically significant based on age (p = 0.09), work experience (p = 0.70), level of education (p = 0.28), and income level (p = 0.082). Also, there was a significant correlation between all types of physical activity and social support in all aspects. Conclusion: Providing social support for exercise by family and friends has been identified as an effective physical activity factor. Therefore, it seems necessary to design educational programs to improve teachers' awareness and attitude, emphasizing the creation of a supportive environment by family, friends, and even related organizations.},  
Keywords = {Physical Activity, Supportive Environment, Female Teachers, Social Support},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {602-611}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6730},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-145-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-145-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Sutoko, Ibnu and Latipun, Latipu},  
title = {Want a healthy life: A qualitative study on motivation to Cease alcoholic drink addiction}, 
abstract ={Background: The alcoholic drink level of consumption is still high, particularly among adolescents and adults. Continuous consumption of alcoholic drinks can lead to addiction, making it difficult to cope with; however, some individuals with such a situation are could cease the habit. This study aims to explore the process of individuals breaking away from alcohol dependence. Methods: The research approach used qualitative with a phenomenological design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain in-depth data from eight subjects selected according to purposive sampling criteria. The data was analyzed using a descriptive phenomenological method. Results: The study results found four main themes for quitting alcoholic beverages: the influence of the experience of becoming an addict, a strong internal desire to quit, being threatened by biological impacts, internal and external driving factors to quit. Conclusion: Based on the findings, individuals who want to quit addiction must have a strong desire, consider the biological impact on health and have internal and external driving factors.},  
Keywords = {Alcoholic Drink, Behavior Addiction, Healthy Lifestyle, Drunk Effect},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {612-621}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6731 },
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-142-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-142-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Afshani, Seyed Alireza and Hosseini-motlagh, Seyed Mostajad and Shiri-Mohammadabad, Hamide},  
title = {Comparing the Lifestyle of Veteran and Non-Veteran Families}, 
abstract ={Background: Considering the role of lifestyle in promoting, maintaining, continuity health and the importance of paying attention to the veterans and their families who have suffered a lot in order to sacrifice for the homeland, the present study intends to compare the lifestyle among veterans and non-veterans in Mashhad city. Methods: This study was conducted using a survey method. The statistical population included the veteran and non-veteran families of Mashhad. A total of 360 questionnaires were filled out in this city. The research instruments were Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ) and All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale. The data were analyzed by SPSS v.24. Results: There is not a significant difference between the mean scores of lifestyle in the two groups of veteran and non-veteran in Mashhad (p > 0.05). The comparison of mean lifestyle scores also showed that there was no significant difference between the lifestyle scores of men and women in the non-veteran group and the mean scores of the single and married lifestyle in the veteran and non-veteran group (p > 0.05). There is a significant relationship between education level and health literacy of veteran and non-veteran families with their lifestyle, age, and employment status. They are also related to the lifestyle of their life because of the status they provide for the sacrifices. Conclusion: Comparison of the two groups in terms of lifestyle indicates that the veterans are in a less favorable position than non-veterans in terms of some aspects of lifestyle such as physical health, exercise and health, disease prevention and mental health.},  
Keywords = {Lifestyle, Veterans, Health, Family, health literacy},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {622-629}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6732},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-139-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-139-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Sharmila, Nowshin and Habib, Shah Ehs},  
title = {Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Dengue: A Study among the Inhabitants of Malibagh of Dhaka city, Bangladesh}, 
abstract ={Background: Dengue remains a major public health challenge causing death among many people in Bangladesh. The magnitude of dengue-related illness and death has significantly increased over recent years. Study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to Dengue fever. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 193 males and females who consented to participate in the study. Respondents were included purposively from selected areas in Malibagh an area classified as a stable dengue-prone region of the capital city. The survey was carried out by face-to-face interview using a pre-tested standardized and structured questionnaire. Results: The results reveal that dengue infection occurred in 20.2% of residents. Only 27.5% had a good knowledge score (8 out of 11 items), and 83.9% had a positive attitude, while 34.2% had a good compliance practice.  Knowledge was significantly associated with education, income, and age (p < 0.05). Misconceptions existed about the transmission of dengue – more than one-third (36.8%) reported that the Aedes aegypti mosquito could only breed in clean water, and 32.1% were aware of the biting time of the mosquito. Most participants (55.4%) strongly agreed that dengue is a serious illness, and over half (65.3%) reported that it could be prevented with coverage of vector control interventions. The majority (64.2%) used mosquito nets as a preventive measure, while over one-third (35.2%) reported they discarded waste, containers, and non-used bottles across their yards that hold water. Although the respondents had quite positive attitude of preventive measures regarding dengue (83.9%), a sizeable number (34.2%) did not put this attitude into practice. Conclusion: Poorly planned urbanization combined with an explosive urban population in the capital city has brought the mosquito and the human host into close proximity. The government should launch health education programs on dengue prevention to educate the community members, addressing misconceptions about their preventive measures and on how they could eliminate the risk factors related to practices.},  
Keywords = {Dengue-Aedes mosquito, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Bangladesh},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {630-640}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6733},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-157-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-157-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Aghaei, Zahra Sadat and Kian, Maryam},  
title = {The Role of Contextual Factors in Cyberspace Harm, Anxiety, Aggression, and Students\' Academic Performance}, 
abstract ={Background: Nowadays, cyberspace has presented both concerns and interests for the educational researchers. This study aimed to investigate the role of contextual factors in cyberspace harm, anxiety, aggression, and academic performance. Methods: A descriptive correlation research method was applied. The research population covered all high school students in Yazd (21,328 students). The number of 377 students were chosen as the sample through a stratified sampling based on the Cochran's formula. The research tools included the questionnaires of contextual factors, and the standard scales of cyberspace harm, anxiety, aggression, and academic performance. The validity and reliability of the scales were determined. Data were analyzed by variance, t-test, and Tukey post hoc test. Results: The findings showed that there are significant differences in cyberspace harm according to some contextual variables such as gender, educational and academic levels, educational district, type of school, field of study, and parents' occupation. More precisely, the harm of cyberspace was more high among the schools of District 2, non-public schools, and the academic field of humanities. Moreover, there was no relationship between the parents' education and the other variables. However, there was a significant relationship between the parents' occupation, regarding the employed mothers, as well as anxiety. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that cyberspace could provide students some challenges as it is affected by various contextual factors. According to the findings, several practical suggestions were presented in the study.  },  
Keywords = {Cyberspace, Anxiety, Aggression, Academic Performance, Underlying Factors, Secondary Education},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {641-651}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6734},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-121-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-121-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Lamyian, Minoor and Ahmadi, Fazllolah and Sheikholeslami, Hos},  
title = {Role of Clergywomen in Promoting Preventive Breast Cancer Behaviors Among Muslim Women in Iran: A Qualitative Study}, 
abstract ={Background: The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore Iranian women’s perceptions, behaviors, and beliefs related to breast cancer screening readiness, with a focus on the role of religion. Methods: Our sample consisted of 25 women, 35 to 65 years old, who resided in Tehran, Iran. It included 15 at-risk women (self-reported history of breast cancer before the age of 40 in their family) and 10 others with a history of breast cancer. All interviewees were Muslim who spoke Persian (Farsi). The women were chosen using purposive sampling. We used a qualitative content analysis design with a constant comparative analysis approach, which is appropriate for obtaining reliable and valid results from textual data. Results: The overarching theme apparent from transcript analysis was that of “Clergywoman Can Play a Role in Increasing Awareness”. Four categories, namely, (1) Lack of information regarding breast cancer screening, (2) Awareness can improve self-care, (3) Religious outlooks of participants can influence early detection behaviors, (4) Clergywoman can play a role in increasing awareness, were identified. However, we found that the majority of interviewees lacked information about breast cancer screening and prevention. This was often both the cause and the effect of fear and misunderstandings about the process. Furthermore, we found that religious authorities, particularly clergywomen, who speak from a religious perspective, could play a significant and effective role in convincing women to pursue prevention measures. Additionally, we found that many women emphasized that religious gatherings, or framing health messages in a religious narrative, could be a significant step forward in advocating early detection behaviors. Conclusion: Our study shows that religion is a motivating factor in breast cancer early detection behavior and offers new insight into women’s perceptions of self-care. It highlights a potentially significant role of clergywomen in encouraging women in Tehran, Iran to pursue breast cancer screening.},  
Keywords = {Breast Cancer,Early detection, Self-care, Women, Religion, Islam},
volume = {5},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {652-664}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i1.6735},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-133-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-133-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Marzban, Ameneh and Soleymani-rad, Masou},  
title = {Green Space and Quality of Life: An Approach to the 
Requirements of the Elderly}, 
abstract ={This articles hasnot abstract.},  
Keywords = {Green Space, Quality of Life, 
Requirements, Elderly},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {666-668}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7830},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-143-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-143-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {JafariNodoushan, Reza and Alimoradi, Hadi and Nazari, Mahs},  
title = {Stress, Depression, and Insomnia in Medical Staff duringCOVID-19Pandemic :A Letter to Editor}, 
abstract ={ This articles has no abstract.},  
Keywords = {},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {669-671}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7839},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-159-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-159-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Bidaki, Reza and Sadeh, Maryam},  
title = {Serious Suicide Attempt by Hunting Gun with Severely Infectious Wounds and Facial Deformity during COVID-19 Arena; A Case Report}, 
abstract ={The etiology of suicide among students around the world revolves issues such as communication, education, family problems and parents’ relationship. We intend to report a case with serious recurrent suicide attempt by gun shot during COVID-19 period. We also present psychiatric and clinical evaluation, cosmetic surgery consultation, as well as microbial assessments in this survey. The seventeen-year-old single male student from southwest of Iran with asymmetric deformed face was observed with the loss of parts of the mouse, nose, chin and mandible region .He had experienced a serious suicide attempt by a threatening plan following rejection. The patient had blurred, hypo phonic and hypotonic speech.  Following the shooting, the soft and hard palate, facial, frontal bone and sinus had been destroyed and a foreign body was seen in the frontal sinus. After suicide risk as assessment, It was detected multiple predictive risk factors for recent suicide attempt and the possibility of recurrent suicide in future. Finally, reconstructive surgery was performed. We assessed him via face to face interview in order to identify psychiatric disorders. Also, he was evaluated as probability of committing recurrent suicide. It is emphasized that in families which young children are prone to psychiatric disorders or emotional problems, availability of a dangerous device such as a gun can be harmful and it should be removed as soon as possible. We suggest the need for psychiatric evaluation especially suicide phenomenon in adolescents and their families as various conflicts in family context.},  
Keywords = {Behavior,COVID-19,Infection control, Psychiatry, Suicide,},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {672-677}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7835},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-165-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Heidari, Nahid and Afrasiabi, Hossein and Javadian, Seyed Rez},  
title = {Meaning and Interpretations of Child Abuse by Abuser Parents: A Qualitative Study}, 
abstract ={Background: Child abuse has destructive consequences for the abused and the abuser which can launch a cycle of inter-generational violence. Our aim was to understand the constructions of child abuse by adult parents. Methods: The research was carried with generic (basic) qualitative research method. Participants included 12 adults who abused their children during the recent year (2020) at Yazd City. The adult participants were selected by snowball-purposeful sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed with grounded theory analysis method. Results: After analyzing transcribes, 6 main categories were constructed: abuse transmission, suffered self, normative violence, relationship problems, institutional inefficiency and pressured family. Life world of harassment emerged as the core category. Conclusion: The findings presented the cycle of abuse created through learning and transmitting.  },  
Keywords = {Child abuse, Child neglect, Family, Violence, Parent.},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {678-686}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7828},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-152-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-152-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Motaghi, Monika and parsayimoghaddam, mohamad and gholizade, li},  
title = {Assessment of European Foundation for Quality Management of Organizational Excellence Model Function of 
Yasuj Shahid Beheshti Hospital}, 
abstract ={Background: Organizations have to apply modern management systems in order to move toward their excellent function. The EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management) organizational excellence model, established in Europe, is one of the outstanding methods during the last two decades in the field of management. Using the EFQM model creates positive leaders, satisfied customers and good change management. The purpose of this study is to assess Yasuj Shahid Beheshti Hospital function based on EFQM model. Methods: this Cross-sectional-descriptive study conducted in 2020 in a health care center under supervision of the University of Medical Science of Kohkiloyeh Boyer Ahmad. The study population was selected from members of quality improvement committee in the studied hospitals. The statistical population was 200 people and 127 people were selected by Morgan table. The data gathering tools were assessment excellence model questionnaire. Results: results revealed that the maximum score obtained both totally and for the empowering factors was processes (50.52) and the minimum obtained for empowering items was 21.14 for the population results. Other factors values were obtained 35.08, 27.17, 30.69, 40.53, 75.64, 22.48 and 64.45 for leadership, policies and strategies, human resource, partnership and resources, customer's results, staff results and key hospital results, respectively. Conclusion :According to the results of the present study it seems that the organizational excellence model can be utilized as a comprehensive for assessing the healthcare centers.},  
Keywords = {EFQM, health care quality assessment, Hospital, Administration, quality improvement},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {687-692}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7834},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-167-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-167-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mohammadzadeh, Azar and KhorramiBanadaki, Anahita and Nezamolslami, Atefeh},  
title = {The challenging role of theory of mind in the mothers of children with attention deficit - hyperactivity disorder}, 
abstract ={  Background: While theory of mind (ToM) deficit is frequently reported in children and adult with ADHD, there is no study investigating characteristics of ToM in their parents. This study aimed to investigate understanding intentionality as an important component of ToM ability in ADHD mothers and typically developing children’s mothers.   Methods:  Through available sampling, (50 mothers), 23 ADHD’s mothers were compared to 27 age and IQ matched typically developing children’s mothers. All participants were assessed using the Animated Triangle Task for ToM performance and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) to evaluate neurocognitive performance. The Mann–Whitney and t-test were used as data analysis methods to examine differences between two groups. Results: poor performance of ADHD mothers was at ToM task. (p < 0.001) However, no significant difference was found between the two groups of mothers in CPT-II performance (p > 0.001). Performance of ToM was not significantly associated with CPT-II. Conclusions: ADHD mothers may have deficits in understanding intentionality. The findings suggest that researchers pay more attention to recognizing social cognition and social communication characteristics of the parents of ADHD children. It seems that using specific training programs for the parents of ADHD children to achieve ToM capacities can contribute to the promotion of their children’s social development},  
Keywords = {ADHD, Theory of Mind, Mental States, Executive Functions},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {693-705}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7833},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-172-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-172-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Ojiaku, Chioma and OluchiNwokoro, Cynthi},  
title = {Are Personality Type and Peer pressure Determinants of Drug Abuse among University Students?}, 
abstract ={Background: Recently, drug abuse among undergraduates appears to become a global problem despite the existences of various measures taken by governments and other agencies due to its negative impact on educational and future leadership innovations as well as human resources. This study investigated personality type and peer pressure as determinants of drug abuse among university students in South-Eastern Nigeria. Method: this cross-sectional study was conductedusing 212students selected through convenient sampling technique aged 15-30 years. Participants responded to the Type A and B personality scale (TABS), Index of peer relations scale (IPR), and drug abuse screening test (DAST). Collected data was analyzed using Chi square statistics. Results: The findings indicated personality type not being significantly associated with drug abuse[X2(1) =0.13, P>0.05]. The study also revealed that peer pressure determines undergraduates’ drug abuse[X2(1) =3.77, P<0.05]. Conclusion: Proper and effective education on dangers of substance or drug abuse should be taught in school and at home by teachers, parents, and guardians.  },  
Keywords = {Personality, Peer pressure, Drug Abuse},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {706-712}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7831},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-161-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-161-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {AfolabiJoseph, Fasoranti},  
title = {Awareness and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Adults in Lagos State, Nigeria}, 
abstract ={Background: COVID-19 has increased drastically all over the world and one of the major ways to reduce its prevalence is through COVID-19 vaccine. However, some individuals hesitate in accepting the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine which is a major cause of concern to the global health. Method: this cross-sectional study was conducted on450 respondents were selected through networking system in Lagos state. The COVID-19 Hesitancy Questionnaire with reliability value of 0.67 was used as instrument for data collection. Data gathering was online through Google docs which was circulated via e-mail and WhatsApp platform to the participants. Data Analyzing was done via SPSS 20 Results: The study revealed that 92% were aware of the accessibility of vaccine for COVID-19. Totally, 81.11% had not received the vaccine and the reasons given include misconceptions on the effects of the COVID-19. Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine uptake is generally poor among the uneducated than the educated. Therefore, there is need for massive education on the importance of COVID-19 among the populace especially among the less educated.},  
Keywords = {COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccine, Global Health, Vaccine Hesitancy},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {713-718}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7826},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-174-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {ZareeiMahmoodabadi, Hasan and Delavari, Zahr},  
title = {The Lived Experiences of Mothers Having children with Cancer: A Qualitative Study}, 
abstract ={Background: There is the likelihood that cancer in children influences their growth and improvement. The mothers who have children with cancer and experience this hardness along with them play a highly significant role in this complexity. Researchers have considered these lived experiences in a limited way. Method: This qualitative study (phenomenology) was conducted in Mar 2019 among mothers who had children with cancer in Yazd. According to purposive non-random sampling, semi-structured interviews were conducted on participants, and 13 subjects were then selected in order to achieve saturation. The data were analyzed using Dikelmann's 7-step method and MAXQDA 10 software in order to analyze data. Results: The concepts were first extracted and analyzed, 18 sub-categories were then obtained and eventually, 6 main categories including attitudes toward illness, desperation, psychical relief, multidimensional family problems, physician's attitudes, physical-psychological problems, were extracted. Conclusion: Mothers experience pain along with the complex stages of their child who is seriously sick. Additionally, cancer bears many physical, mental, and psychological consequences for their children. It is possible to apply the results of this study in order to develop support strategies and provide services for mothers who have children with cancer as well as their children.},  
Keywords = {Lived experience, Mothers, child, cancer, Phenomenology},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {719-728}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7829},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-168-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-168-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {NaderiNobandegani, Zahra and Shiralinia, Khadijeh and Yasaminejad, Paris},  
title = {Investigation the Relationship between Anxiety Attachment Style, Anger Rumination, Spouse Forgiveness, and Marital Quality}, 
abstract ={Background: The quality of the marital relationship has received more attention from family researchers in recent years; as many factors can affect and be affected by it. Therefore, this study made an attempt to investigate the structural relationships between anxiety attachment style, anger rumination, spouse forgiveness and the quality of marital relationship in married people. Methods: The study population consisted of all married people in Shiraz. Among them, 204 married people (168 females and 36 males) were selected using the convenience sampling method and filling out Revised Adult Attachment Scale; Collins and Reid, Anger rumination scale; Sukhodolsky, Golub, Cromwell, Family Forgiveness Scale; Pollard, Anderson, Anderson, and Jennings, and Revision of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale Busby, Christensen, Crane, Larson. The method of research was correlation using path analysis. Then AMOS24 and SPSS24 were used for analyzing the data. Results: Data analysis indicated that the path between anxiety attachment style to anger rumination, (p<0.000, β=0.56), spouse forgiveness, (p<0.009, β=-0.19), anger rumination to spouse forgiveness, (p<0.002, β=-0.36) marital quality (p<0.001, β=-0.16), spouse forgiveness to marital quality, (p<0.000, β=-0.68) were significant. All the coefficients were significant in 0.01 level. Also fit model indicators were: GFI=0.99, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.98, RFI=0.97 and χ2/df= 1.57. The structural relationships of the anxiety attachment style, anger rumination, spouse forgiveness and the marital quality as proposed in the conceptual model were significant. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that that married people with anxious attachment style regarding the challenges of marital life, ruminate more anger in relation to their spouse, which can reduce the amount of forgiveness and, ultimately marital quality},  
Keywords = {Marriage, Family Conflict, Forgiveness, Marital Quality, Anger Rumination},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {729-738}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7837},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-171-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-171-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Islam, Shihabul and Habib, Shah Ehs},  
title = {Gender Differences in Knowledge and Risk Perception towards HIV/AIDS among Rohingyas in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh}, 
abstract ={ Background: Rohingyas living in refugee camps of Bangladesh have been identified as a high-risk group for HIV transmission. This study aimed to assess gender differences in risk perception towards HIV/AIDS among Rohingyas in Cox’s Bazar. Methods: A cross-sectional design was adopted to assess the level of risk perception towards HIV/AIDS. This analysis utilizes data from a survey of 130 Rohingya people through face-to-face interviews utilizing a 28-item HIV-Knowledge Questionnaire. A systematic sampling technique was used to accomplish data collection survey. Analyzing was done by SPSS 25. Results: Only 41.8% of males and 58.2% of females had a good knowledge score (8 out of 11 items) regarding the transmission of HIV. Knowledge is significantly associated with female gender (χ2 = 8.927, p < 0.005). Gender differences were also significantly associated with the perceived risk of contracting HIV/AIDS in the future (p < 0.001). When rank averages were investigated, perceived risk of contracting HIV/AIDS score of the female participants (mean rank = 76.71) appeared to be higher compared to the score of male participants (mean rank = 54.29). Conclusion: Female Rohingyas perceive a higher risk of contracting HIV/AIDS than male Rohingyas. Programs should address harmful gender norms, HIV testing and education emphasizing the risks involved in transactional sex within the camps.},  
Keywords = {HIV/AIDS, Gender, Knowledge, Risk, Perception, Rohingya},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {739-749}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7838},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-173-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-173-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Zareshahabadi, Akbar and Timouri, Fatemeh},  
title = {A Study of the Social Factors Related to Divorce among Divorce Applicants in Yazd}, 
abstract ={Introduction: As a social phenomenon of the present age, Divorce as one of the social phenomena of the present age has many obvious and hidden factors practical and fundamental solutions have been proposed to reduce and deal with this issue by examining and recognizing these factors in each society. This study was carried out to identify the social factors related to the demand for divorce in Yazd. Methods: The present study was conducted by survey technique. The statistical population included the couples seeking divorce referred to the judiciary of Yazd in the period of 2011-2017, the sample size of 110 people was selected by random sampling method based on Cochran's formula, a researcher-made questionnaire was used as the measurement tool whose validity was measured by Formal validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Results: According to the findings, the respondents believed that the three variables of domestic violence, interference of others and the level of spouses' participation in household work had great roles in the demand for divorce. There is also a significant relationship between age and gender, and variables of domestic violence, spouse's family interference and spouse's participation in household. 18.9% of the variance of the dependent variable (Divorce) is explained by the variables of gender, education, family past. Conclusion: It is necessary to provide life skills training and free counseling to couples and families in this regard in order to prevent failed marriages and marital problems and develop strong relationships. Besides, it is necessary for the mass media to raise awareness, give information to people, and promote rational, spiritual and easy marriages.},  
Keywords = {Domestic Violence, Family Involvement, Divorce, Spouse Participation in the Household Work},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {750-759}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7849},
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-134-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-134-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mohammed, Azad and Tripathi, Vrijesh and Singh, Delezia and Ali, Lauren and Mohan, Ruth and Graham, Sedique and Sankar, Saraswatie and Nandram, Naresh},  
title = {Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 in Trinidad and Tobago}, 
abstract ={Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) has affected over 250 million people globally and resulted in over 5 million deaths since it was first reported in November 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted online from July to September 2020 among nationals and permanent residents of Trinidad and Tobago (N = 812). The related questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, 11 items on knowledge, 11 items on attitude and 7 items on practice and experience. Domain scores were derived for each component (K, A and P) and independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used to compare differences in scores within demographic categories. Results: The population possessed a high level of knowledge about COVID-19(0.85 ± 0.09). Attitude scores (0.54 ± 0.07) were influenced by factors such as sex, age, occupation, level of education and area of residence. Significant relationships (P<0.05) were found between demographic categories of sex, age, profession, education, geographical region and the mean domain scores. Conclusion: There was overall high level of knowledge and good practices in response to COVID-19 which suggests that the government's management approach was effective in providing information about COVID-19 and the safe practice needed to reduce spread of the virus.  },  
Keywords = {COVID-19, KAP survey, Trinidad and Tobago, Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices},
volume = {5},
Number = {2}, 
pages = {760-772}, 
publisher = {Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences},
title_fa = {},
abstract_fa ={},
keywords_fa = {},

doi = {10.18502/jsbch.v5i2.7848 },
url = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-169-en.html},  
eprint = {http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-169-en.pdf},  
journal = {Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health},  
issn = {}, 
eissn = {2783-2104}, 
year = {2021}  
}