en جامعه شناسی Sociology Original Article &nbsp;<strong>Background: </strong>Rohingyas living in refugee camps of Bangladesh have been identified as a high-risk group for HIV transmission. This study aimed to assess gender differences in risk perception towards HIV/AIDS among Rohingyas in Cox&rsquo;s Bazar.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional design was adopted to assess the level of risk perception towards HIV/AIDS. This analysis utilizes data from a survey of 130 Rohingya people through face-to-face interviews utilizing a <a name="_Hlk81903553">28-item HIV-Knowledge Questionnaire</a>. A systematic sampling technique was used to accomplish data collection survey. Analyzing was done by SPSS 25.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> Only 41.8% of males and 58.2% of females had a good knowledge score (8 out of 11 items) regarding the transmission of HIV. Knowledge is significantly associated with female gender (&chi;²<strong> = </strong>8.927, p < 0.005). Gender differences were also significantly associated with the perceived risk of contracting HIV/AIDS in the future <a name="_Hlk80643845">(p < 0.001).</a> When rank averages were investigated, perceived risk of contracting HIV/AIDS score of the female participants (mean rank = 76.71) appeared to be higher compared to the score of male participants (mean rank = 54.29).<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Female Rohingyas perceive a higher risk of contracting HIV/AIDS than male Rohingyas. Programs should address harmful gender norms, HIV testing and education emphasizing the risks involved in transactional sex within the camps. HIV/AIDS, Gender, Knowledge, Risk, Perception, Rohingya 739 749 http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-381-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Shihabul Islam shihabshaun10@gmail.com 0000-0001-5019-6919 Yes Department of Sociology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Shah Ehsan Habib se_habib@hotmail.com 0000-0003-3693-6516 No Department of Sociology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.